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Tomb of Muhammad Iqbal : ウィキペディア英語版 | Tomb of Muhammad Iqbal
The Tomb of Allama Muhammad Iqbal is a simple but impressive structure located in Iqbal Park in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Iqbal Park is one of the largest urban parks in Pakistan in the Hazuri Bagh lawn between the Badshahi Mosque and the Lahore Fort where both the grand structures (the Mosque and the Fort) face each other.〔Masudul Hasan, A Guide to Lahore, Ferozsons, 1978. p.18〕 Official guard is maintained by Pakistan Rangers. The architecture reflects a combination of Afghan and Moorish styles and is entirely constructed of red sandstone.〔Mohammad Waliullah Khan, Lahore and Its Important Monuments, Department of Archaeology and Museums, Government of Pakistan. 1964. p.89-91〕 Thousands of visitors come to the mausoleum every day to pay their respects to the poet-philosopher.〔Mushirul Hasan, H., ''A Nationalist conscience: M. A. Ansari, the Congress and the Raj'', Manohar New Delhi. 1987〕 He was one of the major inspirations behind the Pakistan Movement, and is revered in Pakistan as ''Muffakir-e-Pakistan'' (The Thinker of Pakistan) or ''Shair-e-Mashriq'' (The Poet of the East).〔Annemarie Schimmel, Muhammad Iqbal 1873–1938: The Ascension of the Poet, ''Die Welt des Islams'', New Ser., Vol. 3, Issue 3/4. 1954. pp. 145–157〕 Iqbal died on 21 April 1938 in Lahore at the age of 60. Since the independence of Pakistan, an academy named after him (Iqbal Academy) has been established to promote and disseminate his poetical and philosophical messages and teachings. As another tribute, the recently renovated Lahore airport has also been named after him as Allama Iqbal International Airport. == Structure ==
The rectangular structure of the mausoleum has two gates at the eastern and southern side respectively, inlaid with marble. The grave is built of white marble. The tombstone is made of lapis lazuli and inscribed with Quranic verses in calligraphy. The tombstone was a gift from the people of Afghanistan. On the inside walls, six couplets of a ghazal are carved from Iqbal's peotical work ''Zabur-e-Ajam'' (Persian Psalms).〔Annemarie Schimmel,Islam in the Indian Subcontinent (Handbuch Der Orientalistik), Brill. 1980. ISBN 978-90-04-06117-0〕 Outside, there is a small garden, distributed into small plots. The mausoleum was designed by Hyderabad Deccan's then Chief Architect, ''Nawab Zain Yar Jang Bahadur'' and took thirteen years to build at a cost of about one hundred thousand (Rs. 100,000) Pakistani rupees. The major reason for delay was the stoppage of red-stone from Jaipur in post-independence India.〔(Iqbal’s final resting place ), Amna Nasir Jamal, 20 April 2002, Dawn〕
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